In all the examined cases, a load test on a single pile was also available. V an impe full professor ofcivil engineering, director laboratory for soil mechanics, ghent university professar, catholic university leuven, belgium. From the analysis it can be concluded for laterally loaded piles group capacity is always less then than. Ultimate lateral load resistance of laterally loaded pile. Techniques for designintroductionoccurrence of laterally loaded pilesnature of the soil responseresponse of a pile to kinds of loadingmodels for use in analyses of a single pilemodels for groups of piles under lateral loading status of current stateoftheart derivation of equations and methods of solutionintroductionderivation of the differential equationsolution for epy kpyx validity of. Analysis of large group of piles under axial and lateral. Methods to analyze lateral pile response to loads and to pile buckling will also be presented. Laterally loaded pile groups, lateral load tests, statnamic load tests, dynamic loading.
Jun 02, 2017 cross section types of laterally loaded piles in pilelat both driven and bored piles are supported by pilelat program and the following cross section types can be used in the analysis of single piles under lateral loading. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading kindle edition by reese, lymon c. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading, 2nd edition by reese, lymon c. Techniques for design introduction occurrence of laterally loaded piles nature of the soil response response of a pile to kinds of loading models for use in analyses of a single pile models for groups of piles under lateral loading status of current stateoftheart derivation of equations and methods of solution introduction derivation of the differential equation solution for epy kpyx.
Models for use in analyses of a single pile models for groups of piles under lateral loading. This chapter will be concerned with the methods of static pile capacity determination as well as an introduction to materials and methods to produce pile members. New design methods for large diameter piles under lateral. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading kindle edition by lymon c. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading 2 n d edition.
The 3d fd program flac 3d itasca, 2009 was employed to study the behaviour of freehead single and group piles corresponding to a given soil profile and pile dimension under combined lateral and vertical loads. In each of the analytical approaches the methods of analysis of piles under lateral loading that makes use of curves showing soil resistance as a function of piledeflection py curves were used. Van impe the best single reference for laterallyloaded piles the complexities of designing piles for lateral loads are manifold as there are many forces that are critical to the design of big structures such as bridges, offshore and waterfront. Several methods of analysis and design of piles under lateral loading are in use. Davisson, department of civil engineering, university of illinois, urbana pile foundations usually find resistance to lateral loads from a passive soil resistance on the face of the cap, b shear on the base of the cap, and c passive soil resistance against the pile shafts. In the design of pile subjected to lateral load, the lateral displacement at working loads should be within the permissible limit 18,20,22. Van impe, williamsingle piles and pile groups under lateral. Consider a group of three piles, each of 600 mm diameter installed in one row. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading l ymon c. This paper presents analysis and estimation of group efficiency factors of pile groups subjected to uplift load for clay soil conditions. Pilelat behaviour of single piles under lateral loading. Building a shipping container home ep02 moving, cutting, and framing a container house duration. May 11, 2015 behavior of piles and pile groups under lateral load 1.
Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading lymon c. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading 2nd. Cross section types of laterally loaded piles in pilelat both driven and bored piles are supported by pilelat program and the following cross section types can be used in the analysis of single piles under lateral loading. The complexities of designing piles for lateral loads are manifold as there are many forces that are critical to the design of big structures such as bridges, offshore and waterfront structures and retaining walls. The reaction piles were installed in a square pattern with a span of 4 m. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading civil. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading. Uc ed by national technical information service us. The piles may be installed vertically or on a batter and their heads may be fixed, pinned, or elastically restrained by a rigid pile cap. An experimental study on pile spacing effects under lateral. Modeling pile behavior in large pile groups under lateral loading by andrew m. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading pdf. Oct 28, 2017 pilelat program includes the pdelta effect in the analysis of bending moment for laterally loaded piles under axial loading. Jun 18, 2015 pilelat 2014 is a finiteelement based program that analyzes the behaviour of single piles mainly under lateral loading based on py curves.
The ultimate load resistance of a single pile for ld20 is about 107n whereas 115. The loads on structures should be supported either horizontally or laterally or in b. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading 2nd ed. Nondimensional curves for piles under lateral loading for case where e py k py x tables of values of efficiency measured in tests of groups of piles under lateral loading horizontal stresses in soil near shaft during installation of a pile. In each of the analytical approaches the methods of analysis of piles under lateral loading that makes use of curves showing soil resistance as a function of pile deflection py curves were used. The additional bending moment from pdelta effect due to the. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading free ebook download as pdf file. The ability of a pile group to resist lateral loads is a significant design issue. Alrashid chair emeritus, department ofcivil engineering, university of. Aug 25, 2014 this second edition of reese and van impes course book explores and explains lateral load design and procedures for designing piles and pile groups, accounting for the soil resistance, as related to the lateral deflection of the pile. This second edition of reese and van impes course book explores and explains lateral load design and procedures for designing piles and pile groups, accounting for the soil resistance, as related to the lateral deflection of the pile. Building codes1 may stipulate the minimum number of piles under a building element. To install the compression piles and the pile groups, a pit was. Study to date allows one to perceive the following facts.
Therefore, the bending moment at the ground surface level due to the shear force at the pile top can be calculated as. One of the important advantages which pilelat has over other pile lateral force analysis software is that it also has some basic capability of calculating pile settlement under compressive axial loading. Pilelat 2014 single piles under lateral loading youtube. Pdf single piles and pile groups under lateral loading. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading j3nojjyv1gld. The deflection of a pile group under a lateral load is typically 2 to 3 times larger than the deflection of a single pile loaded to the same intensity. Details of the pile spacing in the groups, dimensions of the pile caps, and sections through the pile groups and single piles are shown in fig.
Modeling pile behavior in large pile groups under lateral. Behavior of piles and pile groups under lateral load us. Accordingly, the head lateral displacements of leading, middle, and trailing piles are 2. The load capacity, settlement, and individual pile loads associated with pile groups are the concern of this chapter. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading, 2nd. Lateral capacity of pile groups the lateral deflection of a pile group is typically 2 to 3 times larger than the deflection of a single pile. Behavior of piles and pile groups under lateral load. Pilelat is a finiteelement based program that analyzes the behaviour of single piles mainly under lateral loading based on py curves. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading, 2nd edition lymon c. Analysis method for laterally loaded pile groups using an. In 1962, prakash carried out the pile group behavior under the lateral loading using aluminum pipes od 12. An experimental study on pile spacing effects under. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading, lymon c. Based on these tests, it was stated that the sum of pile capacities was more than that within the group when the spacing centertocenter of piles was less than 3 d and 8 d in the direction.
Pilelat 2014 is a finiteelement based program that analyzes the behaviour of single piles mainly under lateral loading based on py curves. Cross section types of laterally loaded piles in pilelat. Pile modelling the proposed method was developed to capture the response of a pile group subjected to horizontal load. When the piles are inclined at an angle to the vertical they are called as batter piles. Batter piles are quite effective for taking lateral load. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading lymon c reese, william f. On the behaviour of pile groups under combined lateral and. Nonlinear response of laterally loaded piles and pile groups. The response of pile groups under cyclic lateral loads article pdf available in international journal of physical modelling in geotechnics 102.
Lateral load capacity of piles transportation research board. Lateral load carrying capacity of model pile groups. Various py models are provided by pilelat 2014 for. Piles in trailing rows of pile groups have significantly less lateral load resistance than piles in the lead row. Piles that are used under tall chimneys, television towers, high rise buildings, high retaining walls, offshore structures, etc. Pdelta effect of laterally loaded piles under axial loading. This is a problem that can only be solved by accounting for the soil resistance as related to the lateral deflection of the pile. This report documents a research program in which the following were developed. Direct link single piles and pile groups under lateral loading. Martin technical report mceer070004 april 16, 2007 this research was conducted at the university of southern california and earth mechanics, inc. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading reese, lymon c. Laterally loaded pile groups have a group efficiency less than 1. Typical 3d finite element mesh for pile group all the nodes on the lateral boundaries are restrained from moving in the normal direction to the surface representing rigid, smooth lateral boundaries and all the nodes on the. Single vertical pile was analyzed under a lateral load of 80 kn using relationships developed by reese and matlock.
The loads on structures should be supported either horizontally or laterally or in both directions and most structures have in common t. The results of the analyses indicate the importance of the various parameters that are employed in the solution and should provide guidance in the. It addresses the analysis of piles of varying stiffness installed into soils with a variety of. The report includes recommendations for estimating the distribution of load to piles in a. Intricate equations are derived and fully explained, enabling the designer to find the. In addition, the second main key element in the design of laterally. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading, reese. In order to discuss the mechanism of the change in the behaviour of the pile group due to vertical loads, soil deformations and stresses induced by vertical loads applied to piles were studied through lateral soil stresses developed in front and back of the pile for piles 5, 6, 8, 10 and 15 at 0. These piles or pile groups should resist not only vertical movements but also lateral movements. Static and dynamic lateral loading of pile groups u. Group efficiency factor for pile groups in clay under. Buy single piles and pile groups under lateral loading 2 by reese, lymon c. Pdf the response of pile groups under cyclic lateral loads. Techniques for design introduction occurrence of laterally loaded piles nature of the soil response response of a pile to kinds of loading models for use in analyses of a single pile models for groups of piles under lateral loading status of current stateoftheart derivation of equations and methods of solution introduction derivation of the differential equation solution.
The several components of the analytical method have been coded and iteration is used to accommodate the nonlinear response of the soil around each pile in a group. In modern design procedure of piles and pile groups in sweden, the lateral load capacity of piles is not a big concern. The pile head lateral displacements of the piles under an applied lateral load of 80 kn were assessed from the compiled database. The usual assumption in design of a batter pile is that the pile is capable of resisting the same axial. Modelling and assessment of a single pile subjected to. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading crc press book the complexities of designing piles for lateral loads are manifold as there are many forces that are critical to the design of big structures such as bridges, offshore and waterfront structures and retaining walls. The objective of this research was to evaluate and extend current design methods for groups of piles and groups of drilled shafts subjected to lateral loads associated with earthquakes, hurricanes, and vessel impacts. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading by lymon c. Analysis of large group of piles under axial and lateral loading. The governing differential equation for the laterally loaded pile under axial loading is shown as below, in which p is the constant axial loading on the pile.
The calculated shear force at the pile top, vtop, is 6. Single piles and pile groups shall be designed for lateral loads due to earth pressure, earthquake or wave force and wind. Analysis of pile groups under lateral loading 245 introduction 245 distribution of load to each pile in a group 245 problem statement 245 loading and movement of the structure 246 movement of a pi 1e head 248 forces and moments 248 equilibrium equations 249 solution procedure 250 example. Guiding the professional through the complexities of lateralload design, this book and cdrom combination introduces the procedures involved in piles and pile group design. The number of piles in the group studied is generally rather small the largest pile group studied was composed by 15 piles.
Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading crc. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading single piles and pile groups under lateral loading. Assessment of pile group response under lateral load. Fixed head pile was assumed, the resulted pile head displacement is 1. Mar 29, 2016 building a shipping container home ep02 moving, cutting, and framing a container house duration. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading lymon. Single piles and pile groups under lateral loading scribd. Modeling pile behavior in large pile groups under lateral loading. A key concern of bridge engineers is the design and performance of pile group foundations under lateral loading events, such as ship or ice impacts and earthquakes. Alrashid chair emeritus, department ofcivil engineering, university of texas, austin, usa william f. Simplified analysis of laterally loaded pile groups. Presumptive values that suggest allowable loads, but very conservative ones, are included in some manuals of practice.